Did modern humans wipe out the Neanderthals? New evidence may finally provide answers.

A reconstruction of a late Neanderthal from El Salt, southeastern Spain. Some of the last Neanderthals may have lived in the Iberian peninsula. Our closest human relatives may have died out thanks to a combination of factors, including isolation, inbreeding and competition from modern humans, emerging research suggests.

A complex picture of how Neanderthals died out, and the role that modern humans played in their disappearance, is emerging. A complex picture of how Neanderthals died out, and the role that modern humans played in their disappearance, is emerging.